Speed and separation monitoring. If the separation distance between a hazardous part of the robot system and any operator falls below the protective separation distance, then the robot system shall: a) initiate a protective stop; b) initiate safety-related functions connected to the robot system. The possibilities by which the robot control system can avoid violating the protective separation distance include, but are not limited to: a) speed reduction, possibly followed by a transition to safety-rated monitored stop; b) execution of an alternative path which does not violate the protective separation distance, continuing with the active speed and separation monitoring.